Welcome to ChineseRemainderTheorem.com!
Use the calculator below to get a step-by-step calculation of the Chinese Remainder Theory. Just enter the numbers you would like and press "Calculate" .
This removes all numbers from the textboxes, such that you can fill in your own.
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This button is similar to the "Clear everything" button, but only clears the left column.
This is useful if you want your equations to be of the form x ≡ a (mod m) rather than bx ≡ a (mod m).
In that case, it can be especially useful after using the random numbers button.
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Are you ready to view a full step-by-step Chinese Remainder Theorem calculation for the numbers you have entered? Then use this button!
Want to know more?- Read about how to execute the Chinese Remainder Theorem
- Discover different ways to calculate multiplicative inverses
Transform the equations
You used one or more of the fields on the left, so your equations are of the form bx ≡ a mod m.
We want them to be of the form x ≡ a mod m, so we need to move the values on the left to the right side of the equation.
For a more detailed explanation about how this works, see this part of our page about how to execute the Chinese Remainder algorithm.
First, we calculate the inverses of the leftmost value on each row:
| n | b | q | r | t1 | t2 | t3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 997 | 221 | 4 | 113 | 0 | 1 | -4 |
| 221 | 113 | 1 | 108 | 1 | -4 | 5 |
| 113 | 108 | 1 | 5 | -4 | 5 | -9 |
| 108 | 5 | 21 | 3 | 5 | -9 | 194 |
| 5 | 3 | 1 | 2 | -9 | 194 | -203 |
| 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 194 | -203 | 397 |
| 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | -203 | 397 | -997 |
Source: ExtendedEuclideanAlgorithm.com
| n | b | q | r | t1 | t2 | t3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 291 | 380 | 0 | 291 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 380 | 291 | 1 | 89 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 291 | 89 | 3 | 24 | 0 | 1 | -3 |
| 89 | 24 | 3 | 17 | 1 | -3 | 10 |
| 24 | 17 | 1 | 7 | -3 | 10 | -13 |
| 17 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 10 | -13 | 36 |
| 7 | 3 | 2 | 1 | -13 | 36 | -85 |
| 3 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 36 | -85 | 291 |
Source: ExtendedEuclideanAlgorithm.com
| n | b | q | r | t1 | t2 | t3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 425 | 583 | 0 | 425 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 583 | 425 | 1 | 158 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 425 | 158 | 2 | 109 | 0 | 1 | -2 |
| 158 | 109 | 1 | 49 | 1 | -2 | 3 |
| 109 | 49 | 2 | 11 | -2 | 3 | -8 |
| 49 | 11 | 4 | 5 | 3 | -8 | 35 |
| 11 | 5 | 2 | 1 | -8 | 35 | -78 |
| 5 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 35 | -78 | 425 |
Source: ExtendedEuclideanAlgorithm.com
Click on any row to reveal a more detailed calculation of each multiplicative inverse.
Now that we now the inverses, let's move the leftmost value on each row to the right of the equation:
x ≡ 761 × 221-1 (mod 997) ≡ 761 × 397 (mod 997) ≡ 26 (mod 997)x ≡ 943 × 380-1 (mod 291) ≡ 943 × 206 (mod 291) ≡ 161 (mod 291)x ≡ 764 × 583-1 (mod 425) ≡ 764 × 347 (mod 425) ≡ 333 (mod 425)
So now we have the following equations of the form x ≡ a (mod m):
x ≡ 26 (mod 997)
x ≡ 161 (mod 291)
x ≡ 333 (mod 425)
Now the actual calculation
- Find the common modulus M
M = m1 × m2 × ... × mk = 997 × 291 × 425 = 123303975 - We calculate the numbers M1 to M3
M1=M/m1=123303975/997=123675,M2=M/m2=123303975/291=423725,M3=M/m3=123303975/425=290127 - We now calculate the modular multiplicative inverses M1-1 to M3-1
Have a look at the page that explains how to calculate modular multiplicative inverse.
Using, for example, the Extended Euclidean Algorithm, we will find that:
So our multiplicative inverse is 297 mod 997 ≡ 297n b q r t1 t2 t3 997 123675 0 997 0 1 0 123675 997 124 47 1 0 1 997 47 21 10 0 1 -21 47 10 4 7 1 -21 85 10 7 1 3 -21 85 -106 7 3 2 1 85 -106 297 3 1 3 0 -106 297 -997
Source: ExtendedEuclideanAlgorithm.com
So our multiplicative inverse is -10 mod 291 ≡ 281n b q r t1 t2 t3 291 423725 0 291 0 1 0 423725 291 1456 29 1 0 1 291 29 10 1 0 1 -10 29 1 29 0 1 -10 291
Source: ExtendedEuclideanAlgorithm.com
So our multiplicative inverse is -112 mod 425 ≡ 313n b q r t1 t2 t3 425 290127 0 425 0 1 0 290127 425 682 277 1 0 1 425 277 1 148 0 1 -1 277 148 1 129 1 -1 2 148 129 1 19 -1 2 -3 129 19 6 15 2 -3 20 19 15 1 4 -3 20 -23 15 4 3 3 20 -23 89 4 3 1 1 -23 89 -112 3 1 3 0 89 -112 425
Source: ExtendedEuclideanAlgorithm.com
- Now we can calculate x with the equation we saw earlier
x = (a1 × M1 × M1-1 + a2 × M2 × M2-1 + ... + ak × Mk × Mk-1) mod M
= (26 × 123675 × 297 +
161 × 423725 × 281 +
333 × 290127 × 313) mod 123303975
= 56386358 (mod 123303975)
So our answer is 56386358 (mod 123303975).
Verification
So we found that x ≡ 56386358
If this is correct, then the following statements (i.e. the original equations) are true:
221x (mod 997) ≡ 761 (mod 997)
380x (mod 291) ≡ 943 (mod 291)
583x (mod 425) ≡ 764 (mod 425)
Let's see whether that's indeed the case if we use x ≡ 56386358.