Welcome to ChineseRemainderTheorem.com!
Use the calculator below to get a step-by-step calculation of the Chinese Remainder Theory. Just enter the numbers you would like and press "Calculate" .
This removes all numbers from the textboxes, such that you can fill in your own.
This fills all textboxes with random numbers. If you fill in random numbers yourself, it is very likely that those numbers do not have a solution. To avoid disappointment, use this button instead! It only uses random numbers that do have a solution.
This button is similar to the "Clear everything" button, but only clears the left column.
This is useful if you want your equations to be of the form x ≡ a (mod m) rather than bx ≡ a (mod m).
In that case, it can be especially useful after using the random numbers button.
Do you want to use more equations? Go ahead and use this button. It adds another row that you can fill in. Not sure what numbers to put in this newly added row? Use the random numbers button again!
Do you have too many rows? Use one of these buttons to remove a row. You can always add a row again using the yellow "Add a row" button.
Are you ready to view a full step-by-step Chinese Remainder Theorem calculation for the numbers you have entered? Then use this button!
Want to know more?- Read about how to execute the Chinese Remainder Theorem
- Discover different ways to calculate multiplicative inverses
Transform the equations
You used one or more of the fields on the left, so your equations are of the form bx ≡ a mod m.
We want them to be of the form x ≡ a mod m, so we need to move the values on the left to the right side of the equation.
For a more detailed explanation about how this works, see this part of our page about how to execute the Chinese Remainder algorithm.
First, we calculate the inverses of the leftmost value on each row:
| n | b | q | r | t1 | t2 | t3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 653 | 562 | 1 | 91 | 0 | 1 | -1 |
| 562 | 91 | 6 | 16 | 1 | -1 | 7 |
| 91 | 16 | 5 | 11 | -1 | 7 | -36 |
| 16 | 11 | 1 | 5 | 7 | -36 | 43 |
| 11 | 5 | 2 | 1 | -36 | 43 | -122 |
| 5 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 43 | -122 | 653 |
Source: ExtendedEuclideanAlgorithm.com
| n | b | q | r | t1 | t2 | t3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 797 | 60 | 13 | 17 | 0 | 1 | -13 |
| 60 | 17 | 3 | 9 | 1 | -13 | 40 |
| 17 | 9 | 1 | 8 | -13 | 40 | -53 |
| 9 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 40 | -53 | 93 |
| 8 | 1 | 8 | 0 | -53 | 93 | -797 |
Source: ExtendedEuclideanAlgorithm.com
| n | b | q | r | t1 | t2 | t3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 319 | 775 | 0 | 319 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 775 | 319 | 2 | 137 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 319 | 137 | 2 | 45 | 0 | 1 | -2 |
| 137 | 45 | 3 | 2 | 1 | -2 | 7 |
| 45 | 2 | 22 | 1 | -2 | 7 | -156 |
| 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 7 | -156 | 319 |
Source: ExtendedEuclideanAlgorithm.com
Click on any row to reveal a more detailed calculation of each multiplicative inverse.
Now that we now the inverses, let's move the leftmost value on each row to the right of the equation:
x ≡ 992 × 562-1 (mod 653) ≡ 992 × 531 (mod 653) ≡ 434 (mod 653)x ≡ 527 × 60-1 (mod 797) ≡ 527 × 93 (mod 797) ≡ 394 (mod 797)x ≡ 456 × 775-1 (mod 319) ≡ 456 × 163 (mod 319) ≡ 1 (mod 319)
So now we have the following equations of the form x ≡ a (mod m):
x ≡ 434 (mod 653)
x ≡ 394 (mod 797)
x ≡ 1 (mod 319)
Now the actual calculation
- Find the common modulus M
M = m1 × m2 × ... × mk = 653 × 797 × 319 = 166020679 - We calculate the numbers M1 to M3
M1=M/m1=166020679/653=254243,M2=M/m2=166020679/797=208307,M3=M/m3=166020679/319=520441 - We now calculate the modular multiplicative inverses M1-1 to M3-1
Have a look at the page that explains how to calculate modular multiplicative inverse.
Using, for example, the Extended Euclidean Algorithm, we will find that:
So our multiplicative inverse is -26 mod 653 ≡ 627n b q r t1 t2 t3 653 254243 0 653 0 1 0 254243 653 389 226 1 0 1 653 226 2 201 0 1 -2 226 201 1 25 1 -2 3 201 25 8 1 -2 3 -26 25 1 25 0 3 -26 653
Source: ExtendedEuclideanAlgorithm.com
So our multiplicative inverse is -393 mod 797 ≡ 404n b q r t1 t2 t3 797 208307 0 797 0 1 0 208307 797 261 290 1 0 1 797 290 2 217 0 1 -2 290 217 1 73 1 -2 3 217 73 2 71 -2 3 -8 73 71 1 2 3 -8 11 71 2 35 1 -8 11 -393 2 1 2 0 11 -393 797
Source: ExtendedEuclideanAlgorithm.com
So our multiplicative inverse is -149 mod 319 ≡ 170n b q r t1 t2 t3 319 520441 0 319 0 1 0 520441 319 1631 152 1 0 1 319 152 2 15 0 1 -2 152 15 10 2 1 -2 21 15 2 7 1 -2 21 -149 2 1 2 0 21 -149 319
Source: ExtendedEuclideanAlgorithm.com
- Now we can calculate x with the equation we saw earlier
x = (a1 × M1 × M1-1 + a2 × M2 × M2-1 + ... + ak × Mk × Mk-1) mod M
= (434 × 254243 × 627 +
394 × 208307 × 404 +
1 × 520441 × 170) mod 166020679
= 161308412 (mod 166020679)
So our answer is 161308412 (mod 166020679).
Verification
So we found that x ≡ 161308412
If this is correct, then the following statements (i.e. the original equations) are true:
562x (mod 653) ≡ 992 (mod 653)
60x (mod 797) ≡ 527 (mod 797)
775x (mod 319) ≡ 456 (mod 319)
Let's see whether that's indeed the case if we use x ≡ 161308412.